Can I run analytics without defacing my website with annoying consent banners?

Is fingerprinting fine for self-hosted services if it can not link to a specific individual?

Fingerprinting across the web is bad because you can use it to target a specific user, but if a company that has a website tracks locally all this data (self-hosted), then they are only able to tell if a user is a returning user or not without being able to share "this user" with any other platform or 3rd party.

Yes. Server-side with good old-fashion log analyzer.