We ran 153 autonomous runs across 18 frontier models on the nanoGPT optimizer speedrun.
All modelsBest validated result for each model
1Fable 52,72681.7% closed
claude-code · high@24H 3,0108.7d
2Opus 52,92053.6% closed
claude-code · max@24H 3,0452.9d
3Kimi K32,93052.2% closed
prime-agent · max@24H 3,1253.6d
4Kimi K32,97445.8% closed
kimi-code · max@24H 3,1355.1d
5Opus 4.83,01839.4% closed
claude-code · max@24H 3,1803.0d
6GPT-5.6 Sol3,04235.9% closed
codex · xhigh@24H 3,1606.1d
7GPT-5.6 Sol Pro3,05833.6% closed
codex · xhigh@24H 3,1003.4d
8Sonnet 53,10526.8% closed
claude-code · max@24H 3,1202.0d
9GPT-5.6 Luna3,11026.1% closed
codex · xhigh@24H 3,1701.9d
10Grok 4.53,12024.6% closed
grok-cli · xhigh@24H 3,1602.7d
11Qwen3.8 Max3,12024.6% closed
qwen-code · max@24H 3,2251.9d
12GLM 5.23,15020.3% closed
pi · high@24H 3,2001.8d
13DeepSeek V4 Pro3,20512.3% closed
claude-code · max@24H 3,2051.1d
14GPT-5.6 Terra3,21411.0% closed
codex · xhigh@24H 3,2141.1d
15Grok 4.63,22010.1% closed
grok-cli · xhigh0.6d
16Muse Spark 1.23,2308.7% closed
muse-code · xhigh0.6d
17Muse Spark 1.13,2328.4% closed
pi · max@24H 3,2403.7d
18GPT-5.53,2348.1% closed
codex · xhigh@24H 3,2341.1d
19Kimi K2.73,2407.2% closed
kimi-code · max@24H 3,2401.6d
20GLM 5.3—no record
claude-code · xhigh
| Model | Harness | Traces | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fable 5 | claude-code · high | 2,726 | 81.7% | 3,010 | 800M | 1.1M | 811 | 3k | 8.7 | |
| Opus 5 | claude-code · max | 2,920 | 53.6% | 3,045 | 183M | 690k | 292 | 401 | 2.9 | |
| Kimi K3 | prime-agent · max | 2,930 | 52.2% | 3,125 | 112M | 2.2M | — | 488 | 3.6 | |
| Kimi K3 | kimi-code · max | 2,974 | 45.8% | 3,135 | 682M | 1.4M | 713 | 4k | 5.1 | |
| Opus 4.8 | claude-code · max | 3,018 | 39.4% | 3,180 | 318M | 2.3M | 427 | 2k | 3.0 | |
| GPT-5.6 Sol | codex · xhigh | 3,042 | 35.9% | 3,160 | 2.9B | 2.2M | 963 | 28k | 6.1 | |
| GPT-5.6 Sol Pro | codex · xhigh | 3,058 | 33.6% | 3,100 | 1.2B | 4.6M | 509 | 7k | 3.4 | |
| Sonnet 5 | claude-code · max | 3,105 | 26.8% | 3,120 | 998M | 2.1M | 213 | 2k | 2.0 | |
| GPT-5.6 Luna | codex · xhigh | 3,110 | 26.1% | 3,170 | 894M | 888k | 362 | 12k | 1.9 | |
| Grok 4.5 | grok-cli · xhigh | 3,120 | 24.6% | 3,160 | 46M | 385k | 399 | 4k | 2.7 | |
| Qwen3.8 Max | qwen-code · max | 3,120 | 24.6% | 3,225 | 216M | 629k | 312 | 866 | 1.9 | |
| GLM 5.2 | pi · high | 3,150 | 20.3% | 3,200 | 57M | 1.7M | 194 | 1k | 1.8 | |
| DeepSeek V4 Pro | claude-code · max | 3,205 | 12.3% | 3,205 | 26M | 319k | 189 | 309 | 1.1 | |
| GPT-5.6 Terra | codex · xhigh | 3,214 | 11.0% | 3,214 | 417M | 298k | 154 | 3k | 1.1 | |
| Grok 4.6 | grok-cli · xhigh | 3,220 | 10.1% | — | 27M | 346k | 97 | 691 | 0.6 | |
| Muse Spark 1.2 | muse-code · xhigh | 3,230 | 8.7% | — | 41M | 910k | 56 | 724 | 0.6 | — |
| Muse Spark 1.1 | pi · max | 3,232 | 8.4% | 3,240 | 122M | 1.6M | 489 | 2k | 3.7 | |
| GPT-5.5 | codex · xhigh | 3,234 | 8.1% | 3,234 | 70M | 77k | 185 | 614 | 1.1 | |
| Kimi K2.7 | kimi-code · max | 3,240 | 7.2% | 3,240 | 160M | 763k | 187 | 3k | 1.6 | |
| GLM 5.3 | claude-code · xhigh | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Equal-budget comparison
Give each model's best final run the same resource budget and compare the best validated record it reached within that budget.
ModelRecordHuman 2,600Baseline 3,290
Gray runs ended before the selected budget
Open Traces to explore 41 curated full agent trajectories, including tool calls, subagents, and scratchpads.