An ultra-high-resolution map of (dark) matter

The JWST data (Programme ID: General Observer 1727) are publicly available at https://exchg.calet.org/cosmosweb-public/DR0.5/. The HST data (Programme IDs: General Observer 9822 and 10092) are publicly available at http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/. The XMM-Newton dataset (Programme ID: 020336) is publicly available in staged releases via the IPAC/IRSA website at https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/. The Chandra data (Programme IDs: 901037) are publicly available at https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/gator_docs/cosmos_chandraxid_colDescriptions.html. The weak lensing mass maps are publicly available with this article as Supplementary Data 1–6.

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Author notes

1. These authors contributed equally: Diana Scognamiglio, Gavin Leroy, David Harvey.

Authors and Affiliations

1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

   Diana Scognamiglio, Jason Rhodes & Eric Huff

2. Institute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham, UK

   Gavin Leroy, Richard Massey, Leo W. H. Fung, Qiuhan He, Zane D. Lentz, Guillaume Mahler & Maximilian von Wietersheim-Kramsta

3. Laboratoire d’Astrophysique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Observatoire de Sauverny, Versoix, Switzerland

   David Harvey

4. Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

   Hollis B. Akins

5. Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Valparaíso, Chile

   Malte Brinch

6. Millennium Nucleus for Galaxies (MINGAL), Valparaíso, Chile

   Malte Brinch

7. Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

   Edward Berman & Jacqueline McCleary

8. Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA

   Caitlin M. Casey & Crystal L. Martin

9. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

   Caitlin M. Casey & Maximilien Franco

10. Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), Copenhagen, Denmark

    Caitlin M. Casey, Shouwen Jin & Marko Shuntov

11. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA

    Nicole E. Drakos

12. Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Andreas L. Faisst

13. Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Maximilien Franco & Sandrine Pires

14. Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

    Ghassem Gozaliasl

15. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Ghassem Gozaliasl

16. Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands

    Qiuhan He

17. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA

    Hossein Hatamnia & Bahram Mobasher

18. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Natalie B. Hogg

19. Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Natalie B. Hogg

20. Laboratoire univers et particules de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France

    Natalie B. Hogg

21. Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France

    Olivier Ilbert

22. Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA

    Jeyhan S. Kartaltepe

23. Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Anton M. Koekemoer

24. DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

    Shouwen Jin

25. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA

    Erini Lambrides

26. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA

    Alexie Leauthaud & Brant E. Robertson

27. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China

    Daizhong Liu

28. STAR Institute, Liège, Belgium

    Guillaume Mahler

29. Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, Durham, UK

    Guillaume Mahler

30. Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK

    Claudia Maraston

31. School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK

    James Nightingale

32. Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Louise Paquereau

33. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, Paris, France

    Louise Paquereau

34. Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA

    David B. Sanders

35. Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Claudia Scarlata

36. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Marko Shuntov

37. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ‘A. Righi’, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Greta Toni

38. INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Greta Toni

39. Zentrum für Astronomie, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Greta Toni

40. MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, MA, USA

    John R. Weaver

41. Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA

    John R. Weaver

Contributions

D.S. led and coordinated the project. C.M.C. and J.S.K. led the observing proposal. M.F. processed the raw JWST observations, and M.S., O.I., H.B.A., J.R.W. and L.P. produced the photometric catalogues used in this analysis. D.H. measured galaxy shapes. G.L. and D.S. generated the mass maps using a Kaiser–Squires technique enhanced by S.P. D.S. created the galaxy density map with contribution from A.F. G.L. and D.S. identified galaxy clusters. D.S., G.L., D.H., R.M., J.R. and E.H. interpreted the maps. D.S., G.L. and R.M. wrote the first draft of the paper, on which all authors commented.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diana Scognamiglio.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Peer review information

Nature Astronomy thanks Judit Prat and the other, anonymous, reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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