Proper superset
\supset
Superset
\supseteq
Proper subset
\subset
Subset
\subseteq
Empty set
\emptyset
Set intersection
\cap
Set-builder notation
\{ x|x \in \mathbb{Z} \land 0 \leq x \leq 10 \}
Natural numbers
\mathbb{N}
Real numbers
\mathbb{R}
Integers
\mathbb{Z}
Rational numbers
\mathbb{Z}
Complex numbers
\mathbb{C}
Imaginary numbers
\mathbb{I}
Left arrow
\leftarrow, \longleftarrow, \Leftarrow, \Longleftarrow
Right arrow
\rightarrow, \longrightarrow, \Rightarrow, \Longrightarrow
Up arrow
\uparrow, \Uparrow
Down arrow
\downarrow, \Downarrow
Left and right arrow
\leftrightarrow, \longleftrightarrow, \Leftrightarrow, \Longleftrightarrow
Up and down arrow
\updownarrow, \Updownarrow
Maplet arrow / maps to
\mapsto, \longmapsto
Hook arrow
\hookleftarrow, \hookrightarrow
Harpoon arrows
\leftharpoonup, \rightharpoonup, \leftharpoondown, \rightharpoondown
Ordinal or Intercardinal direction arrows
\nearrow, \searrow, \swarrow, \nwarrow
Pythagoras Theorem
a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Theory of Relativity
E = mc^2
Euler's Identity
e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0
Euler's polyhedron formula
F - E + V = 2
Newton's law of gravity
F = G\frac{m_1 m_2}{d^2}
Origin of complex numbers
i^2 = -1
de Morgan's Laws
\begin{align}
\left ( E \cup F \right )' = E' \cap F' \\
\left ( E \cap F \right )' = E' \cup F'
\end{align}
Repeating decimals
0.\overline{324}
Fraction
\frac{x}{y}
Exponent
a^2, x^y
Radical
\sqrt{9}, \sqrt[n]{x}
Square Root
\sqrt{25}
Logarithm
\log x, \log_{2}x
Absolute Value
\vert{x} \vert
Calligraphic font
\mathcal{R}, \mathcal{Z}, \mathcal{D}
Bars over symbols
\bar{a}, \bar{b}, \bar{c}
Hats over symbols
\tilde{a}, \tilde{b}, \tilde{c}
Arrows over symbols
\overrightarrow{a}, \overrightarrow{b}, \overrightarrow{c}
Dots over symbols
\dot{a}, \dot{b}, \dot{c}
Spacing between symbols
a\;b\;c
Nabla (gradient)
\nabla f(x_0, y_0)
Text
\text{Something}
Sums with limits
\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}i^2
Products with limits
\prod\limits_{i=1}^{n}i^2
Integrals with limits
\int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty}f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x
Partial Derivative
\frac{\partial Q}{\partial t}, \frac{\partial^2L}{\partial x \partial y}
Limits
\lim_{x\to 0} (1+x)^\frac{1}{x} = e
Max
\max(1,2,3)
Min
\min(3,4,5)
vmatrix
\begin{vmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{vmatrix}
pmatrix
\begin{pmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{pmatrix}
bmatrix
\begin{bmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{bmatrix}
Bmatrix
\begin{Bmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{Bmatrix}
Vmatrix
\begin{Vmatrix}
a & b \\
c & d
\end{Vmatrix}
Partial
\partial
double dagger
\ddag
copyright
\copyright
center dots
1, \cdots
diagonal dots
\ddots
lower dots
1, \ldots
vertical dots
\vdots
Measured angle
\measuredangle
Spherical angle
\sphericalangle
epsilon and varepsilon
\epsilon, \varepsilon
theta and vartheta
\theta, \vartheta
kappa and varkappa
\kappa, \varkappa
pi and varpi
\pi, \varpi
rho and varrho
\rho, \varrho
sigma and varsigmna
\sigma, \varsigma
upsilon
\upsilon
phi and varphi
\phi, \varphi
Big O
\mathcal{O}, O
Small Omega
\omega
On the order of
\sim
Constant Time
O(1)
Logarithmic Time
O(\log{}n)
Quasilinear Time
O(n\log{}n)
Quadratic Time
O(n^2)
Cubic Time
O(n^3)
Factorial Time
O(n!)
Approximately equal
\approx
Less than or equal
\leq
Greater than or equal
\geq
Much greater than
\gg
sin
\sin \theta
cos
\cos \theta
tan
\tan \theta
cot
\cot \theta
sec
\sec \theta
csc
\csc \theta
arcsin
\arcsin \theta
arccos
\arccos \theta
arctan
\arctan \theta