Everything here I have read, vetted, and highly recommend.
Some have affiliate links but I'm not associated with the authors in any way - they're just good resources.
Startups
The Mom Test
A practical guide to validating start up ideas.
Venture Deals
A thorough look at what you need to know as a start up founder that wants to raise VC money without getting screwed.
Startup Equity for employees
Useful if you're looking to join a start up as an employee but aren't familiar with options or how start ups tend to compensate employees.
B2B SaaS
A framework for selling B2B SaaS.
Software Engineering
Pro Git
A short but sufficient intro to git. Chapters 2 and 3 are what you'll need 99% of the time..
Go Web Examples
Some examples of common web development related tasks in Go
Database Internals
If you want to dig into how databases work on the inside, look no further.
Raft
The best resource I've found for understanding Raft and consensus algorithms in general.
Writing an Interpreter in Go
Part 1 of the series I recommend to those who want to understand how a compiler works. I recommend everyone read both parts.
Learn C++
The resource I recommend to everyone looking to learn C++.
Effective C++
The second book everyone should read about C++. It does a good job of explaining the different parts of C++ and gives heuristics for when to avoid certain features.
Intro to embedded Linux
Short playlist of videos that give an overview of the process for getting linux into embedded applications.
Mastering Embedded Linux Programming
If you ever find yourself in the unfortunate situation where you have to package linux on an embedded system yourself, this is a good starting point.
Estimation & Controls
Kalman Filter
A great resource if you just want to focus on Kalman Filters. I bought the book a long time ago and it is well worth the money.
Underactuated Robotics
The best resource for learning modern control theory. I hope to one day meet Prof. Tedrake and tell him thanks for this invaluable resource.
Full control of a quadrotor
A look at different techniques for modeling and controlling a quadcopter when compared to the previous item. Sometimes having different authors explain the same topic helps to understand it better.
A Differential Drive
A model for a differential drive vehicle. If you want start messing with a model to do path planning, estimation, controls, etc. this is the one to start with.
PID
Great series of videos covering PID control.
State Space
Great series of videos covering state space models and LQR.
LQR
In depth lecture on LQR.
Control Challenges
A playground with a set of control challenges to test out and learn various control methods.
Computer Vision
Simultaneous Localization & Mapping (SLAM)
SLAM is a hodgepodge of state estimation, computer vision, filtering, and other topics depending on who you ask. The following resources are useful but it's tough to learn about SLAM since the approaches vary widely. The only consistent feature across SLAM systems is that they do some form of loop closure.
Probabilistic Robotics
Often treated as the bible of SLAM, but I would complement it with resources about Computer Vision and State Estimation.
GTSAM
A library for building graph based SLAM systems. The intro tutorial is my favorite overview of SLAM since it's short and clear.
Machine Learning
Neural Networks: Zero to Hero
If you prefer to learn with videos instead of books, this is where you should start learning about modern ML.
This is one of those resources I can't believe is free. A true gift to humanity.
Computer Graphics
Ray Tracing in One Weekend Series
This is a series of 3 books that give a great overview of ray tracing. The first book, Ray Tracing in One Weekend, is the book I recommend to those who are first starting to get into computer graphics. The entire series is worth reading and is completely free online.
Scratch-a-Pixel
Perhaps the most thorough writing I have ever seen on a subject. A wonderful resource and my go-to for all things computer graphics.
Physically Based Rendering
Once you've used the previous resources for learning about computer graphics, this book will give you breakdown and explanation of a fully working modern ray tracer and the parts that go into it.
Math & Numerical Computing
Essence of Linear Algebra
Perhaps the best learning resource for any subject ever.
If when you think of linear algebra you just see numbers and matrices, give this a watch. If you're learning about linear algebra for the first time, this is a must watch.
Introduction to applied Linear Algebra
The book that made linear algebra "click" for me and showed me why it's useful. Everything is well motivated and practical. Use this as a guide when learning about linear algebra or machine learning.
Numerical Algorithms
An introduction to all the numerical programming and math you'll ever need to know.
Convex Optimization
The bible of Convex Optimization. Useful for knowing which optimization problems can be solved "easily".
Electronics
Designing Electronics that Work
This book is a phemonenal reference for PCB design so that you can skip all the common mistakes and iterate faster. I always have it on hand when doing PCB design.
Digital Computer Electronics
What do people mean when they say "Computers are just ones and zeroes"? This book will show you. You start with a transistor and build up to CPUs and memory. Reading this one then CSAPP will give you a phenomenal understanding of how computers work.
Art of Electronics
Useful as a desktop reference once you've already mastered the topic, not as a book to learn from.
PySDR
A phenomenal and practical intro to digital signal processing with applications to radio. This is geared towards applying DSP instead of getting caught up in the theory like so many other resources do.
Making USB Devices
A good intro to adding USB to a PCB design. Read this and its recommended resources before digging into the USB spec, etc.
USB In A Nutshell
If you want start digging into the USB spec, and Making USB Devices above was not enough, this is the resource I recommend. The USB 2.0 spec is 650 pages. This one is 30 pages. Read this one first.
Avionics
Make: Drones
This is my favorite technical book. You get an understanding of all the different parts of an RC quadcopter system then you write the flight control firmware. I wish I had this when I was younger and looking into drones, but I'm just happy it exists.
Finance
Financial Statements
Another one that should be required reading in school. A practical guide to learning financial statements and basic accounting. This is the one you should read so that you can get basic accounting down and then move on with your life.
Pricing Money
A succint introduction to the world of making money with money.
FinTech
Payment Systems in the U.S.
The book everyone recommends when looking at payments and FinTech in general. I recommend reading this one after The Anatomy of the Swipe so you can get a better feel for the concepts.
Bits About Money
Great newsletter with a deep archive for learning about the intersection of financial services and tech.
How ACH Works
Short series on how ACH works. A bit old, but still worth the read.
Crypto
Quantitative Finance
Inside the Black Box
A succint overview of what quants do and how a quantitative trading system works without any math.
History
For Profit: A History of corporations
This is my favorite non-technical book. It traces the evolution of corporations starting with the Medici all the way to Facebook. I highly recommend it.
The Innovators
My favorite of Isaacson's books. It traces the path of computers from Lovelace to Netscape.
The Prize
The history of the last 150 years through the lens of oil. My second favorite non-technical book. I highly recommend it.
Biographies
How they got rich
A succint overview of Carnegie, Vanderbilt, Rockefeller, JP Morgan, and the Gilded Age.
American Rascal
Jay Gould is the often forgotten figure of the Gilded age. If Gould was alive today he would be a private equity guy launching hostile takeovers.
Andrew Carnegie
A good look at Andrew Carnegie's life without the bias of an autobigraphy.
Poor Charlie's Almanack
"if you don't learn to constantly revise your earlier conclusions, and get better ones, ... you're like a one-legged man in an ass-kicking contest." - Charlie Munger
Build
Reflections and wisdom from the guy that led the iPod & iPhone projects then went on to found Nest. This is the first time I saw a leader own up to the fact that some decisions that are made during the product development stage are based on opinion.
Invested
A surprisingly honest account of Charles Schwab's founding of the Charles Schwab Corporation.
The Founders
A look at the early days of PayPal through the lens of the founders and employees.
Cooking
The Food Lab
The book that got me into cooking and treating the kitchen like a lab for experiments.
Pizza
Yes, Pizza gets a section all to itself.
The Pizza Bible
Once you've read Elements of Pizza, read this one to learn how deep the world of pizza can go.