Peter J. Liu (@peterjliu) on X

2 min read Original article ↗

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Excel is used by billions of humans to work synchronously through a UI. But for agents to be maximally productive, it’s better to run programs headless via API. Excel has been optimized over decades (written in C++) yet some of our customers have huge workbooks with hundreds of

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Nothing else like our engine exists. Google Sheets and LibreOffice have missing important functions (e.g. many dynamic arrays) or have significant discrepancies at the edges that are deal-breakers for our discerning, high-finance customers. A wrong value in a cell can have

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We started by looking at IronCalc, an open-source Rust Excel engine, but quickly realized it was missing tons of features and was pretty slow. We used multiple agentic loops (wrote over 800k lines of Rust) to hill-climb well-defined objectives: 1. Match Excel values over

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Most Excel Agents (e.g. Claude in Excel) are either implemented as Add-ins to side-step the need to implement an Excel engine, but require Excel to be open. With our headless engine, Compound users don’t suffer from this limitation and can work on countless Workbooks in

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Rust turned out to be a great choice (LLMs clearly know it). It’s as fast as C++ but saner. Bad-practices are basically compile-time errors, which means AI-code gets nice guard-rails and human review is less important. I didn't know Rust before this project, but a solid