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Explore - Fra Mauro

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Introduction

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Introduction
Historical Context
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  - Venice in the Era of Fra Mauro
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      Commerce
      
      The Trade Routes
      
      The Galleys
      
      Sailing Ships
  - The Sea and Trade
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      The Turkish Blockade of the Mediterranean
      
      The Circumnavigation of Africa
      
      Portuguese Expansion in Africa and into the Indian Ocean
  - Fra Mauro
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      The Monastery of San Michele
      
      Fra Mauro, Cosmographer
      
      The Vatican Library Marine Chart
      
      The Map at the Monastery of San Michele di Leme
  - The World Map
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      The World Map
      
      South-Up Orientation
      
      Geographical Structure
      
      The Cosmographic Project
      
      The World Before European Expansion
      
      From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean
      
      Navigation in the Indian Ocean: Arab Ships and Chinese Junks
      
      The Silk Road
      
      The Maritime Silk Road
      
      Celebration and Fear of the Sea
Interactive Exploration
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  - Explore
  - Cosmographic Space
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      The Celestial World
      
      The Sublunar World
      
      The Elements
      
      The Garden of Eden
      
      Cartouches
  - Geographic Space
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      Cartouches
      
      Wind Rose
      
      Kingdoms
      
      Provinces
      
      Cities
      
      Mountains
      
      Rivers and lakes
      
      Bridges and Roads
      
      Temples and Funerary Monuments
      
      Oceans, Seas, Gulfs
      
      Islands
      
      Headlands
      
      Ships and Shipwrecks
  - The Parts of the World
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      The Ancient World
      
      ‘Rossia’
      
      Africa
      
      Ethyopia
      
      Taprobana
      
      Capo Diab
      
      Cathai and Mangi
      
      Giava
      
      Cipango
      
      The Indian Ocean
  - The Places of Marco Polo
  - Legendary Places
  - The Lost Treatise on Cosmography
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      Reconstructing the Lost Treatise
      
      Dedication
      
      Preface
      
      Cosmographic Space
      
      Geographic Space
Cosmography and sources
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  - Cosmographic Sources
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      Problems in Natural Philosophy
      
      Scholastic Philosophers and Fathers of the Church
      
      Ptolemy
  - Missionaries and Ambassadors
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      The Mendicant Orders
      
      Giovanni da Pian del Carpine
      
      William of Rubruck
      
      Giovanni da Montecorvino
      
      Giovanni de’ Marignolli
      
      Odorico da Pordenone
      
      The Itinerarium of Odorico da Pordenone
      
      From a Mongol Perspective: Rabban Bar Sauma
  - Merchants and Travelers
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      Marco Polo
      
      First Voyage: Niccolò and Matteo Polo
      
      Second Voyage: Niccolò, Matteo and Marco Polo
      
      Second Voyage: The Return of the Polos
      
      Francesco di Balduccio Pegolotti
      
      Ruy González de Clavijo
      
      Pietro Querini
      
      Niccolò di Giovanni Conti
      
      The Itinerary of Niccolò de’ Conti
  - Other Sources
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      Cartographic Sources
      
      Andrea Bianco
      
      Oral Sources
      
      Islamic Sources
      
      The Korean Map Honil Kangnido
Reception
Mappae Mundi
Designing the World
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  - Ptolemy’s Projections
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      The Ancient World
      
      Ptolemy’s Geography
      
      Cartographic Projection
      
      Ptolemy’s First Projection
      
      Ptolemy’s Second Projection
      
      Ptolemy’s Third Projection
  - Ptolemy in Venice
  - The Size of the World
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      Ptolemy’s World
      
      Fra Mauro’s World
      
      The Size of the Inhabited World
  - A Cartographic Model at its Limits
  - The World Map
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      The concept
      
      Drawing method
Land and Sea
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  - Fra Mauro’s Marine Chart
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      The Marine Chart
      
      Explore
      
      Cartouches
      
      Rivers and Lakes
      
      Roads
      
      Wind Rose
  - Marine Charts
  - Navigation and Celestial Observation
  - Measuring Time
  - Astronomical Instruments for Navigation
  - The Ships
  - Dead reckoning
  - Astronomical Navigation
  - The Ship’s Position
  - Latitude
  - Longitude
  - Magnetic declination
  - Magnetic Compass
  - The Wind Rose
  - Techniques of Navigation
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      The “Rule of Marteloio”
      
      The “Tablet of Marteloio”
      
      The “Circle and Square”
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