The Biggest IPOs in History—and Where SpaceX Fits In
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Key Takeaways
- SpaceX is expected to raise $75 billion in its June 2026 IPO, nearly three times more than any company in history.
- Saudi Aramco currently holds the IPO record after raising $25.6 billion in 2019.
- China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and the U.S. account for many of the world’s largest public offerings.
A SpaceX IPO could rewrite the record books.
The Elon Musk-founded company is expected to raise roughly $75 billion when it goes public on June 12, 2026, which would make it by far the largest IPO ever recorded. For comparison, the current record holder, Saudi Aramco, raised $25.6 billion in its 2019 debut.
This graphic ranks the biggest IPOs in history as of 2026 using corporate disclosures and news reports, based on gross proceeds raised before fees and expenses.
Values are rounded to the nearest billion dollars, exclude greenshoe options, and are not adjusted for inflation.
SpaceX: To the Moon?
SpaceX is expected to IPO on June 12, 2026, at a value of $135 per share. Market forecasts predict that the space exploration company, founded by Elon Musk in 2002, will raise $75 billion in gross proceeds from its IPO.
The following data table lists the largest IPOs in history based on gross proceeds.
| Rank | Company | Year | Country | Sector | IPO Gross Proceeds (billions of USD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Saudi Aramco | 2019 | 🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia | Energy | 25.6 |
| 2 | Alibaba | 2014 | 🇨🇳 China | Tech | 21.8 |
| 3 | SoftBank Corp | 2018 | 🇯🇵 Japan | Comm. services | 21.3 |
| 4 | Agricultural Bank of China | 2010 | 🇨🇳 China | Financial services | 19.2 |
| 5 | ICBC | 2006 | 🇨🇳 China | Financial services | 19.1 |
| 6 | AIA Group | 2010 | 🇭🇰 Hong Kong | Financial services | 17.8 |
| 7 | Visa | 2008 | 🇺🇸 USA | Financial services, tech | 17.9 |
| 8 | NTT DoCoMo | 1998 | 🇯🇵 Japan | Comm. services | 18.4 |
| 9 | Meta (Facebook) | 2012 | 🇺🇸 USA | Tech | 16.0 |
| 10 | Enel | 1999 | 🇮🇹 Italy | Energy | 16.4 |
| -- | SpaceX | 2026 | 🇺🇸 USA | Space | 75 |
Companies decide how many shares to sell and at what price when they IPO, with the resulting figures contributing to the company’s total market capitalization. Based on the announced SpaceX figures, the company is valued at $1.75 trillion as of 2026.
Notably, fewer than 20 publicly held companies have ever reached a market capitalization of one trillion dollars, with the most famous including Apple, Nvidia, Saudi Aramco, and TSMC. Musk’s electric vehicle company, Tesla, passed the one-trillion-dollar threshold in October 2021.
Which Countries Have Produced the Biggest IPOs?
The largest IPOs have come from a diverse mix of markets. Saudi Arabia holds the current record through Aramco, while China contributed several of the biggest public offerings through Alibaba, ICBC, and the Agricultural Bank of China.
Japan also features prominently with SoftBank and NTT DoCoMo, while the U.S. appears through Visa and Meta. Together, these companies span energy, finance, communications, and technology, highlighting how blockbuster IPOs have emerged across multiple sectors and regions.
2026: The Year of the Massive IPO?
Based on current projections, 2026 could be the year SpaceX shatters all IPO records. The company is also likely to be added to the Nasdaq-100 shortly after its debut following recent rule revisions by the major index.
However, SpaceX is not the only giant expected to go public in 2026. Two leaders in artificial intelligence, Anthropic and OpenAI, have also filed documents indicating they could have IPOs by year’s end.
Each of these companies is valued in the one-trillion-dollar range, and the two AI competitors are likely to compete for investor attention. In any case, 2026 could be a landmark year for massive public offerings.
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