Sir John Sulston will be remembered as one of the greatest scientists of our time. His great adversary was Prof Craig Venter, who led private efforts to sequence and patent human genes, leading to a race between the two. In 2002, Prof Venter hit out at John Sulston, claiming that his efforts had actually held back the development of the technology.
"John wanted to sequence the human genome, I wanted to sequence the human genome," Prof Venter said. "I can't fault him for wanting to do that. But it was more important to him to be the one to do it than to enable it to get done quickly."
Every gene the public sector discovered was a gene that Prof Venter couldn't patent. But Prof Sulston, a proud socialist, said that his efforts were for the public good.
"I suppose I am anti-capitalist to the point that I feel that the companies are completely unnecessary. I think we'd all get on very well if we did all that discovery in universities, frankly.
"I think all the debilitating diseases of Africa and other developing countries cannot be dealt with on a capitalist basis because there is no market - there is no money."
The UK sequenced about a third of the genome, with the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) contributing most of the remainder.
But lobbyists working on behalf of private companies, placed pressure on the Clinton Administration to withdraw funds from the public effort. Prof Sulston's work, sponsored by the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council, strengthened the hand of those arguing for the NIH's continued involvement.
As an individual, Prof Sulston was unassuming, often seen wandering the labs in sandals and chatting with young researchers. We are already benefiting from his research - with the emergence of new medicines for many cancers. We also know the genetic basis of more than 6,000 disorders, allowing treatments to be better tailored.
The revolution that John Sulston helped start has only just begun, and will transform medicine and our understanding of the human body.
The son of a vicar, Sir John was born in 1942. He studied for his degree in organic chemistry and PhD in nucleotide chemistry at the University of Cambridge in the 1960s.
After a stint studying in the US, he returned to Cambridge in 1969.
He was recognised with the Nobel Prize in 2002 for his contribution to the understanding of how genes control cell division and death in the nematode worm.
It was a groundbreaking discovery, resulting from three decades of studying the organism.
However, Prof Sulston is perhaps best known for his biggest academic pursuit - spearheading the international project to map the human genome.
The effort became a race between the public and the private sector, which led to a draft being published in 2001.
Both the US President, Bill Clinton, and the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, spoke at the press conferences held in Washington and London to announce that the draft sequence was complete.
In 2017, Sir John was made a Companion of Honour by the Queen in her birthday honours for his contribution to science and society.